Activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, induced by PIK3CA gene activation or PTEN loss of function mutations, plays a significant role in regulating cellular processes and is associated with disease development in animal models.
The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is a critical cellular signaling pathway that regulates various cellular processes, including cell growth, proliferation, survival, and metabolism. Activation of this pathway is often observed in cancer and other diseases. In animal models, specific genetic alterations, such as activating mutations in the PIK3CA gene or loss of function mutations in the PTEN gene, can lead to the activation of this pathway.
This activation can result in aberrant cell growth and survival, contributing to the development and progression of diseases. Understanding the mechanisms and consequences of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway activation in animal models can provide valuable insights into disease biology and potential therapeutic targets.
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Which action is the only way to become sober?
Avoiding alcohol and other intoxicating substances is the only way to get sober. This is due to the way that alcohol and other intoxicants affect the brain, which results in decreased inhibitions, decreased coordination, and a euphoric mood.
The body grows habituated to these chemicals over time and needs progressively more of them to produce the same results. The person will suffer withdrawal symptoms when these substances are not there as their body gets more and more reliant on them.
The only method to become sober is to abstain from alcohol and other intoxicants since doing so allows the body to revert to its natural state without the presence of these chemicals.
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Part 2
1. Go to Phet Reversible Reactions Simulation (click here).
2. Add in 5 of each A and B molecules
3. After observing for 10 seconds, what is happeningto both the A and B molecules? Other
observations?
It is observed that after adding 5 each to molecules A and B; of Phet Reversible Reactions that the equilibrium goes right, away from the reactant
However, on the other side, If we add product, equilibrium goes left, away from the product
This is because in reversible reactions, both forward and backward or reverse directions of the reaction usually occur at the same time.
What are reversible reactions?Reversible reactions can be defined as a type of chemical reaction in which the reactants form the products that; and in turn, react together to give the reactants back.
Generally, reversible reactions usually will reach an equilibrium point where the concentrations of the reactants and products will no longer change.
Please note that the " Phet " mentioned above means Physics Education Technology. It is a research based simulations for tutoring science subjects
So therefore, it is observed that after adding 5 each to molecules A and B; of Phet Reversible Reactions that the equilibrium goes right, away from the reactant
Complete question:
What happens when you add 5 each to molecules A and B in a reversible reaction?
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examples of artificial permeable membranes
Answer:
kidney tissue
Explanation:
An example of a r-selected species would be
A) humans
C) cats
E) rodents
B) sharks
D) cagles
Answer:
the anwser would be rodents
Explanation:
the reason why is because there are a lot offspring that rodents have but only live for so little time
What is the difference between competitive and noncompetitive inhibition of enzyme?
The key difference between competitive and noncompetitive inhibition is the site of inhibitor binding.
Competitive inhibitors bind to the active site and compete with the substrate, while noncompetitive inhibitors bind to an allosteric site and change the enzyme's shape.
Competitive inhibition and noncompetitive inhibition are two types of enzyme inhibition that affect the rate of enzyme-catalyzed reactions.
Competitive inhibition occurs when a molecule, known as the inhibitor, binds to the active site of the enzyme, preventing the substrate from binding and reducing the enzyme's activity.
Competitive inhibitors are structurally similar to the substrate and compete with the substrate for the active site of the enzyme.
This type of inhibition can be overcome by increasing the concentration of the substrate, as this increases the likelihood that the substrate will bind to the active site of the enzyme rather than the inhibitor.
In contrast, noncompetitive inhibition occurs when an inhibitor binds to a site on the enzyme other than the active site, known as the allosteric site.This binding changes the shape of the enzyme, making it less effective at catalyzing the reaction.
Unlike competitive inhibition, increasing the concentration of the substrate does not overcome noncompetitive inhibition, as the inhibitor is not competing with the substrate for the active site.
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I liedmy mum that was offering economics and she said she'll go to my school cuz I came late what should I do please
Answer:
Run away from home
Explanation:
Answer: Just be upfront and honest. Punishments are temporary experiences are forever.
pick one real-world application that uses pcr and gel electrophoresis and specifically explain how each process is used in that application.
One real-world application that uses PCR and gel electrophoresis is genetic testing. PCR (polymerase chain reaction) is a technique used to amplify a specific segment of DNA, making it easier to detect and analyze.
Gel electrophoresis is a method used to separate DNA fragments based on their size and charge. PCR and gel electrophoresis are commonly used in genetic testing to identify genetic mutations associated with diseases or to establish paternity.
For example, if a couple wants to know if their child has inherited a genetic disorder, such as sickle cell anemia or cystic fibrosis, a sample of the child's DNA can be amplified using PCR and then analyzed using gel electrophoresis to determine if the mutation is present.
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this early microbiology pioneer developed a set of criteria for linking a specific microorganism to a specific disease
The early microbiology pioneer that developed a set of criteria for linking a specific microorganism to a specific disease was Robert Koch. He established the "Koch's postulates" which served as a guideline for establishing causality in infectious diseases. His work was important in shaping the field of microbiology.
Robert Koch is credited with establishing a set of criteria for linking a particular microorganism to a specific disease. These are known as Koch's postulates. He developed these postulates to establish causality in infectious diseases. The postulates are as follows:
The microorganism must be present in all cases of the disease.
The microorganism must be isolated from the diseased host and grown in pure culture.
The cultured microorganism should cause the disease when it is introduced into a healthy host.
The same microorganism must be re-isolated from the newly infected host.
These criteria are still used today to identify the causative agents of infectious diseases. Koch's postulates were groundbreaking at the time and provided a framework for identifying the causative agents of infectious diseases. However, there are limitations to the use of Koch's postulates in identifying the causative agents of some diseases. For example, some microorganisms cannot be cultured in vitro, and some diseases are caused by a combination of factors. Nonetheless, Koch's postulates remain an important tool for understanding the causes of infectious diseases and continue to be used today to identify the causative agents of many infectious diseases.
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Hi, could someone tell me what should be in the blank space of my concept map about the cell membrane?
Which action is one of the main functions of the circulatory system?
delivering substances to the cells of the body
producing substances in the cells of the body
breaking down substances in the cells of the body
One of the main functions of the circulatory system is a) delivering substances to the cells of the body.
The circulatory system is responsible for transporting blood, which contains oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and other substances, to all the cells of the body. This ensures that all the cells have access to the necessary resources to carry out their functions.
The circulatory system also plays a crucial role in removing waste products, such as carbon dioxide, from the cells and transporting them to the organs responsible for their elimination, such as the lungs and kidneys.
Therefore, the correct answer is a) delivering substances to the cells of the body. The circulatory system does not produce or break down substances in the cells of the body, but it helps transport them to and from the cells.
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Answer:Its A
Explanation:
In general, how might recombinant dna technology be used to prevent a genetic disorder caused by a mutation in a single gene?.
Recombinant DNA technology is used to prevent a genetic disorder caused by a mutation in a single gene by reinserting nucleotide sequences in a normal linear order.
What is a gene?A gene is a fragment of single-stranded DNA that is used during transcription and translation to produce a protein.
A mutated gene has a different nucleotide sequence when compared to the normal gene, which can be corrected by using recombined normal sequences.
In conclusion, recombinant DNA technology is used to prevent a genetic disorder caused by a mutation in a single gene by reinserting nucleotide sequences in a normal linear order.
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what is the cause of accumulation of ketone bodies in the blood after several days of starvation?
The cause of the accumulation of ketone bodies in the blood after several days of starvation is not enough sugаr or glucose to supply the body's fuel needs.
What are ketones?Ketones are аcids thаt our body mаkes when it breаks down fаt for energy. Normаlly, the cells in our body use blood glucose (sugаr) for energy. We get glucose from eаting cаrbohydrаtes. If our cells cаn't get enough glucose, our body will breаk down fаt for energy insteаd. This process produces ketones. If our body breаks down fаt too fаst, ketones cаn build up in our blood аnd urine.
High ketone levels mаke our blood too аcidic. This is а serious condition cаlled ketoаcidosis. The most common type of ketoаcidosis is а complicаtion of diаbetes cаlled diаbetic ketoаcidosis (DKА).
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Explain how to distinguish different species by their DNA.
DNA analysis can be used to distinguish different species by comparing specific regions of their DNA sequences.
To distinguish different species by their DNA, scientists primarily focus on comparing specific regions of the DNA sequences that are highly variable among species. One commonly used region is the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which is inherited maternally and has a higher mutation rate compared to nuclear DNA. Another region is the ribosomal RNA genes (rRNA), which exhibit variations among species.
The process typically involves extracting DNA samples from different organisms, isolating the target region of interest, and sequencing the DNA to determine the nucleotide sequence. The sequences obtained from different species are then compared to identify differences and similarities.
These differences can be used to create DNA profiles or genetic markers specific to each species. Advanced techniques such as DNA barcoding or whole-genome sequencing can provide more comprehensive information and aid in species identification.
By comparing DNA sequences, scientists can uncover genetic variations unique to different species, allowing them to distinguish and classify organisms accurately. This information is valuable in various fields, including taxonomy, conservation biology, forensic science, and evolutionary research.
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Which statements about the citric acid cycle are true? Select all that apply. 1. Co2 is released 2. ATP is consumed 3. Pyruvate is produced 4. NADH and FADH2 are produced
The first turn of the citric acid cycle produces CO2, NADH, FADH2, and ATP.
In your own words, why do you think it’s critical to ask scientific questions about climate change? If scientific inquiry around climate change did not take place, what might be the result?
It is critical ask scientific questions about climate change to understand its causes, impacts, & potential solutions. Without scientific inquiry, we may lack accurate knowledge & fail to address urgent challenges posed by climate change.
Climate change refers to long-term shifts in the Earth's climate patterns, including changes in temperature, precipitation, wind patterns, and other aspects of the climate system. It is primarily caused by human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation, leading to increased greenhouse gas emissions and the intensification of the greenhouse effect. Climate change has far-reaching impacts on ecosystems, weather patterns, sea levels, biodiversity, and human societies, posing significant environmental, social, and economic challenges that require collective action and mitigation strategies to address and minimize its adverse effects.
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Which of the following are examples of POSITIVE eugenis techniques a. Section of entry tree olie- cusing gones b. outlawing reproduction by known c. Ahowing only Nobel pre winners to be or sperm donors for your d. Two of the above e. Al of the bove
Positive Eugenics refers to the promotion of reproduction by genetically healthy and superior individuals in order to improve the hereditary traits of a population.
Examples of POSITIVE eugenic techniques are as follows:
a. Section of entry tree olie- cusing Gones
b. Outlawing reproduction by known genetically inferior individuals is an example of negative eugenics, not positive eugenics.
c. Allowing only Nobel prize winners to be egg or sperm donors for a reproductive procedured.
Options A and C are positive eugenics techniques, but option B is a negative eugenics technique.
e. The correct option is (d) two of the above, which includes options A and C only.
Summary: Option (d)
Two of the above are examples of POSITIVE eugenic techniques, which are Section of entry tree olie- cusing Gones and allowing only Nobel prize winners to be egg or sperm donors for a reproductive procedure.
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hair follicles originate in this layer of the skin
Hair follicles originate in the dermis layer of the skin.
The skin is composed of three layers: the epidermis, the dermis, and the subcutaneous tissue (or hypodermis). The epidermis is the outermost layer and serves as a barrier to protect the body from the external environment. The dermis is the middle layer, and it contains blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue. The subcutaneous tissue is the innermost layer and is composed of fat and connective tissue.
Hair follicles are structures in the skin that contain the cells that produce hair. They originate in the dermis and extend into the epidermis and subcutaneous tissue. Each hair follicle is associated with a sebaceous gland, which produces an oily substance called sebum that helps to lubricate the hair and skin.
In addition, hair follicles are also associated with the arrector pili muscle, that contracts causing the hair to stand up, this is the mechanism behind goosebumps.
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Hair follicles originate from the surface of Epidermis. Hair follicles are the tunnel shaped structures arising from the first and the second layer of our skin that is epidermis and dermis.
Hair follicles are mainly responsible for providing growth to the hair segments and that is why they are in need of proper nutrition.
Sometimes hair follicles also grow from the third layer of skin that is a subcutaneous layer but it is hardly seen to appear on the surface.
Hair growth begins at the bottom of hair follicles and so the bottom hair roots are nourished by the blood that tends to flow and reach them through the blood vessels.
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3The graph below shows rate of reaction data for 2 different enzymes. One of these enzymes are
found in the stomach, the other is found in the mouth
Rate of reaction
pH
Which of these lines is more likely to indicate the enzyme found in the stomach? Explain your answer.
11. What is often the end result of secondary
succession?
Answer:
In contrast, secondary succession is the re-colonization of a region after a significant disturbance. The end result of succession is the establishment of a climax community. Primary succession requires much more time than secondary succession. Steps of Primary Succession
Explanation:
one resource needed for the zazi campaign to work
The Zazi campaign was a counterterrorism campaign in the United States that aimed to prevent the radicalization and recruitment of young Muslims by extremist groups. One important resource needed for the Zazi campaign to work is community engagement.
Community engagement involves working with local communities to build trust and understanding, identify potential risks, and develop strategies to address those risks. It involves working with community leaders, religious organizations, schools, and other institutions to create a dialogue and foster a sense of ownership and responsibility for preventing violent extremism.
Community engagement can also help to identify individuals who may be vulnerable to radicalization and provide them with the support and resources they need to resist extremist ideologies. It can also help to counter the negative narratives and propaganda used by extremist groups by promoting positive messages and alternative narratives that emphasize the importance of diversity, tolerance, and inclusion.
Overall, community engagement is an essential resource for the Zazi campaign, as it helps to build resilience and promote social cohesion, which are key factors in preventing violent extremism.
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What are some impacts of climate change on terrestrial ecosystems?
Answer:
Climate change can overwhelm the capacity of ecosystems to mitigate extreme events and disturbance, such as wildfires, floods, and drought.
-TheUnknownScientist
The left lung has ______ secondary bronchi since it has ______ lobes; the right lung has ______ lobes; and ______ secondary bronchi. Multiple choice question
The left lung has two secondary bronchi since it has two lobes; the right lung has three lobes; and three secondary bronchi.
The respiratory system comprises two lungs, each of which is divided into lobes. The left lung has two lobes, while the right lung has three lobes. The bronchial tree is divided into primary bronchi, secondary bronchi, and tertiary bronchi. Each lung has a primary bronchus, which is further divided into secondary bronchi. The left lung has two secondary bronchi since it has two lobes; the right lung has three lobes; and three secondary bronchi.
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How blood goes in and out of the heart
Answer:
Blood leaves the heart through the pulmonic valve, into the pulmonary artery and to the lungs. Blood leaves the heart through the aortic valve, into the aorta and to the body. This pattern is repeated, causing blood to flow continuously to the heart, lungs and body.
Explanation:
Brainliest please?
Explanation:
blood goes in through the vena cava (deoxygenated) and Pulmonary Vein (oxygenated) and goes out through Pulmonary Artery (deoxygenated) and Aorta (oxygenated).
Which is a feature of a cladogram?
A The characteristics must be shared among the organisms.
B The characteristics must be different among the organisms.
C It must contain at least three different shared characteristics.
D It must contain at least three different groups of organisms.
Answer:
C
Explanation:
Cellular respiration is when
Answer: Cellular respiration is a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert chemical energy from oxygen molecules or nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products.
Explanation:
not my words, it's googles, but put it in your words.
How can the environment affect population sizes?
Food, water, shelter, predation, and density are all things that can allow a population to increase or cause it to decrease. Limiting factors like food and water are necessary resources for all organisms without them they will die so these factors directly affect any population size. Hope this helps :)
Answer: More people require more resources, which means that as the population increases, the Earth's resources deplete more rapidly. The result of this depletion is deforestation and loss of biodiversity as humans strip the Earth of resources to accommodate rising population numbers. Food, water, shelter, predation, and density are all things that can allow a population to grow or cause it to decline. Limiting factors like food and water are necessary resources for all organisms; without them they will die so these factors directly affect population size.
Brainliest please if it helped!
૮ ˶ᵔ ᵕ ᵔ˶ აPlease Help! Due in 10 minutes!
Q. 1. Think of an example where a forester would be required to help determine public policy. What are the advantages and disadvantages of this?
Q. 2. If a source of information has bias, should professionals use the information? Explain your answer
It is important to note that no source of information can ever be completely unbiased, and professionals should strive to make decisions based on the most reliable and comprehensive information available.
Q. 1. A forester may be required to help determine public policy in cases where there is a conflict between preserving forested areas and utilizing them for commercial purposes. The forester can provide information on the ecological impact of logging or mining activities on the forest ecosystem and advise policymakers on the best course of action. The advantages of involving a forester in policy-making include the ability to make more informed decisions that take into account the long-term health of the forest ecosystem. However, the disadvantage is that the forester's recommendations may conflict with the interests of industries or individuals who stand to benefit from exploiting the forest resources.
Q. 2. If a source of information has bias, professionals should be cautious when using it and consider the potential impact of that bias on their decision-making. It is essential to critically evaluate the source and identify any potential conflicts of interest. In some cases, it may be appropriate to seek out additional sources of information to verify the accuracy of the biased source. However, it is important to note that no source of information can ever be completely unbiased, and professionals should strive to make decisions based on the most reliable and comprehensive information available.
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What does the evidence supporting the Big Bang theory assume about the universe when it began? Select the two correct answers (1poont)
It was very tiny.
It was composed of ice.
It was contracting
It was extremely hot.
The evidence supporting the Big Bang theory assumed that the universe was very tiny and extremely hot.
The Big Bang Theory simply explained how the universe was formed. According to the theory, the universe was formed as a result of an explosion. According to the theory, there was a high density and extremely high temperature that led to the expansion of space. This then led to the explosion through which the universe was formed. Then, the stars were formed as gravity drew matter together.In conclusion, the theory stated that an explosion led to the formation of the universe.
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c) In dense rainforest, plants that grow close to the forest floor tend to have lower rates of photosynthesis than the very tall trees. Suggest why this might be.
Answer:
The reason why plants that grow close to the forest floor tend to have lower rates of photosynthesis is because sunlight is a vital component in the production of glucose. Using logic, you can see that the tree cause larger shadows to form—blocking sunlight.
Which observation supports the idea that information is passed down from parents to their offspring?
O A.
The baby bears look very similar to the mother.
ОВ.
The baby bears are smaller than the mother.
OC.
The baby bears run faster than the mother.
OD.
There are two babies and only one parent.
I
Answer: A
Explanation:
Traits can be visible, when offspring look similar to the parents they have physical traits that have been passed down.