2. In extraction of caffeine from tea, CaCO3 (pKa of HCO3- is 10.3) is used to convert tannin to glucose and calcium salt of gallic acid. Explain why glucose is not in its salt form but gallic acid is. Assuming pKa of -OH of glucose is 12, and pKa of -OH of gallic acid is 9.5 and pKa of -COOH of gallic acid is 4.5.

Approximately 175.3 grams of magnesium sulfide are formed. To determine the number of grams of magnesium sulfide formed, we need to first determine the limiting reactant.

To do this, we calculate the number of moles for each reactant. The molar mass of magnesium is 24.31 g/mol, and the molar mass of sulfur is 32.06 g/mol.

For magnesium, we have:
80 g / 24.31 g/mol = 3.29 mol

For sulfur, we have:
100 g / 32.06 g/mol = 3.12 mol

From the calculation, we can see that sulfur is the limiting reactant, as it produces fewer moles than magnesium.

The balanced equation for the reaction between magnesium and sulfur is:
Mg + S --> MgS

According to the balanced equation, one mole of magnesium reacts with one mole of sulfur to form one mole of magnesium sulfide.

Since sulfur is the limiting reactant, we can conclude that 3.12 moles of magnesium sulfide are formed.

To determine the mass of magnesium sulfide formed, we can multiply the number of moles of magnesium sulfide by its molar mass. The molar mass of magnesium sulfide is 56.30 g/mol.

So, the mass of magnesium sulfide formed is:
3.12 mol x 56.30 g/mol = 175.3 g

Therefore, approximately 175.3 grams of magnesium sulfide are formed.

To know more about magnesium sulfide, refer

https://brainly.com/question/11939430

#SPJ11

To solve for number one we must follow these steps:

m = 703.55 g − 345.8 g

m = 357.75 g

Then we solve for the density-

d = 357.75 g / 225 mL

d = 1.59 g/mL

Answer for number 5) 1.59 g/mL

Density= Mass/Volume

therefor- Mass = 65.14g and Volume = 35.4mL

Density = 65.14g/35.4 mL = 1.84 g/mL

Answer for number 6) 1.84 g/mL

Question 7-

g = (0.8765 g/mL)(250.0 mL) = 219.1 g

Answer: 219.1 g

Question 8-

Density = mass/volume

Mass = 1587g

4.5cm x 5.2cm x 6cm = 140.4 cubic-cm

Volume = 140.4 cubic-cm

Mass/volume = 1587/140.4 = 11.3 g/cm^3

Answer: 11.3 g/cm^3

Question 9:

First calculate the volume of iron

49.10mL − 45.50mL = 3.60mL

Density = mass/volume;

density = 28.5g/3.60 mL= 7.92 g/mL

Answer: 7.92 g/mL

Question 10:

Volume = 2500.0g / 10.5g/cm3 = 238.095cm^3

Now we round up the answer to 238cm^3

Answer: 238cm^3

I hope this helped!

Answer:

The correct answer is - c. adding 10 mL bleach to 90 mL water.

Explanation:

To prepare a effective disinfecting solution to clean the countertops is a bleasce solution of 10% solution of bleach. The ten percent of the bleach solution means there are one volve of bleach and 9 volume of clean water in this solution.

So, preparing the 1/10 or ten percent solution is where adding 10 ml of bleach which is diluted to 90 ml clean water. This diluted solution can be use as disinfecting solution.

The major organic product obtained from the addition reaction of HCl to 3-methyl-1-butene is 2-chloro-3-methylbutane. Option d is correct.

The reaction mechanism involves the electrophilic addition of HCl to the double bond of the 3-methyl-1-butene, leading to the formation of a carbocation intermediate. The H⁺ ion from HCl acts as an electrophile, attacking the double bond and forming a carbocation on the tertiary carbon. The chloride ion then acts as a nucleophile, attacking the carbocation and forming the final product.

The addition of HCl to the double bond results in the formation of two possible carbocation intermediates, one on the primary carbon and the other on the tertiary carbon. However, the more stable tertiary carbocation intermediate is formed faster and is favored under the reaction conditions. The chloride ion then attacks the tertiary carbocation, resulting in the formation of the product, 2-chloro-3-methylbutane. Option d is correct.

To know more about organic product, here

brainly.com/question/28330877

#SPJ4

Answer: The answer is 233.3 g

Explanation: The problem is, do you trust me?

Answer:

you need data that has at least one independent variable in order to plot a graph for a slope of the line

Explanation:

The statement "The citric acid cycle is classed as a reductive pathway as it produces reduced electron carriers" is true.

The citric acid cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle or the tricarboxylic acid cycle, is a central metabolic pathway in cellular respiration. This pathway generates reduced electron carriers, specifically NADH and FADH2, which are essential for the production of energy through the electron transport chain.

In the citric acid cycle, acetyl-CoA, derived from carbohydrates, fats, or proteins, is combined with oxaloacetate to form citrate. Through a series of enzyme-catalyzed reactions, citrate is then converted back to oxaloacetate, releasing two molecules of carbon dioxide and generating three molecules of NADH, one molecule of FADH2, and one molecule of ATP or GTP. The reduced electron carriers, NADH and FADH2, transport high-energy electrons to the electron transport chain, where they ultimately contribute to the production of ATP via oxidative phosphorylation.

In conclusion, the citric acid cycle is indeed a reductive pathway as it produces reduced electron carriers, NADH and FADH2, which are crucial for cellular energy production. This pathway is a key component of cellular respiration and plays an essential role in generating energy for various cellular processes.

Learn more about electron carriers: https://brainly.com/question/8659461

#SPJ11

D). The total pressure of the gas mixture is given as 1.04 atm. The amount of neon and argon is given as 20.0 g and 10.0 g respectively. We can use the formula;PAr = XAr × PTandPN= XN × PTWhere,PAr = partial pressure of argonXAr = mole fraction of argonPN= partial pressure of neonXN= mole fraction of neonPT= total pressure of the mixture.

Since we have to calculate the partial pressure of neon, we have to find the mole fraction of neon first.The mole fraction of neon (XN) can be calculated as:XN= number of moles of neon/total number of molesNumber of moles of neon can be calculated as:20.0gNe= molar mass of neon = 20.18 g/mol= 0.991 moles of neonNumber of moles of argon can be calculated as:10.0gAr= molar mass of argon = 39.95 g/mol= 0.250 moles of argonTotal number of moles in the mixture = 0.991 + 0.250= 1.241 moles of the mixtureMole fraction of neon = 0.991/1.241= 0.798The mole fraction of argon can be calculated as:XAr= 1 - XN= 1 - 0.798= 0.202Partial pressure of neon can be calculated as:PN= XN × PT= 0.798 × 1.04= 0.830 atmTherefore, the partial pressure of neon is 0.830 atm.

The balanced chemical reaction is given as:2CO(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2CO2(g) The equilibrium constant (K) can be written as:K= [CO2]2/([CO]2[O2])If we add more oxygen to the reaction container, according to Le Chatelier's principle, the system will shift in the direction to reduce the excess of the added component. Thus, the concentration of O2 will decrease, and the concentration of CO and CO2 will increase, in order to maintain the equilibrium.The partial pressure of CO2 will increase, and the partial pressure of CO will also increase. However, the partial pressure of O2 will decrease. Thus, option (C) is the correct answer.Question 3The purpose of the salt bridge in an electrochemical cell is to maintain electrical neutrality in the half-cells via migration of ions. The salt bridge consists of an inverted U-tube containing an electrolyte, which allows the flow of ions between the half-cells. It completes the electrical circuit and balances the charges produced in the anode and cathode half-cells.  

To know more about pressure  visit:-

https://brainly.com/question/30673967

#SPJ11

the burning of fossil fuels

therefore the correct option is d) 4.1×10⁻³.

Given that the initial concentration of HZ is 5.0 moles and at equilibrium, 8.7% of the acid has become hydronium.

The concentration of HZ that has not reacted is (100% - 8.7%) = 91.3%.

The final concentration of HZ is 5.0 × 0.913 = 4.565 moles.

The final concentration of the hydronium ion is 5.0 × 0.087 = 0.435 M.HZ ⇌ H+ + Z-Ka

= [H+][Z]/[HZ]Ka

= [H+][Z]/[HZ]

= [0.435]² / 4.565

= 0.041

Which is the same as 4.1 × 10-3.

We know that HZ is an acid that will partially ionize in water to give H+ and Z-.

The chemical equation for this reaction can be written as HZ ⇌ H+ + Z-.

The acid dissociation constant (Ka) of HZ is the equilibrium constant for the reaction in which HZ ionizes to form H+ and Z-.Thus, Ka = [H+][Z]/[HZ].

The given problem is a typical example of the dissociation of a weak acid in water. We are given the initial concentration of HZ and the concentration of hydronium ions at equilibrium.

To find the equilibrium concentration of HZ, we can use the fact that the total amount of acid is conserved.

At equilibrium, 8.7% of HZ has dissociated to give hydronium ions.

This means that 91.3% of the original HZ remains unreacted.

Therefore, the concentration of HZ at equilibrium is 5.0 × 0.913 = 4.565 M.

The concentration of hydronium ions at equilibrium is 5.0 × 0.087 = 0.435 M.

Using the equation Ka = [H+][Z]/[HZ], we can substitute the values of the concentrations and the equilibrium constant into the equation and solve for Ka.

Ka = [H+][Z]/[HZ]

= [0.435]² / 4.565

= 0.041 or 4.1 × 10-3.

The answer is d) 4.1 × 10-3.

To know more about hydronium visit:

https://brainly.com/question/14619642

#SPJ11

The sets in σ(A,B) are the smallest σ-algebra that contains both A and B.

In probability theory and measure theory, a σ-algebra is a collection of subsets of a given set Ω that satisfies certain properties. The notation σ(A,B) represents the smallest σ-algebra that contains both subsets A and B. This means that σ(A,B) consists of all possible subsets that can be formed by taking the union, intersection, and complement of sets in A and B.

To understand this concept better, let's consider an example. Suppose we have a set Ω = {1, 2, 3, 4} and two subsets A = {1, 2} and B = {2, 3}. The σ-algebra σ(A,B) would include the empty set, the set Ω itself, as well as other subsets such as {1}, {2}, {3}, {1, 2}, {2, 3}, and {1, 2, 3}. It would also include their complements, for example, the complement of {1} would be {2, 3, 4}.

The σ-algebra σ(A,B) is important in probability theory as it allows us to define probability measures and study various properties of events and random variables. By identifying all the sets in σ(A,B), we can determine the range of events that can be analyzed within this framework.

Learn more about σ-algebras

brainly.com/question/32708586

#SPJ11

Answer:

evaporation, vaporisation, boiling if change occurs at boiling point

Explanation:

The kinds of the solids are;

SiO2 - Covalent network solid

C6H12O6 - Covalent solid

KI - Ionic solid

A covalent network solid, often referred to as a network covalent solid or just a network solid, is a category of solid material in which the atoms that make up the material are strongly covalently linked to one another, forming an extended three-dimensional network structure.

Covalent network solids are kept together by a dense network of covalent bonds, as opposed to molecular or ionic solids, which are held together by weaker intermolecular forces or ionic interactions, respectively.

Learn more about covalent network solid:https://brainly.com/question/30458552

#SPJ4

Pauli Exclusion Principle, states that an atomic orbital can only hold maximum of 2 electrons, each with opposite spins. So, the correct choice is option (a).

The Pauli Exclusion Principle is a quantum mechanical principle that states that no two electrons in the same atom can have the same value for all four quantum numbers. That is no more than two electrons in can occupy the same orbital, and two electrons in the same orbital in must have opposite spins.

Austrian, Wolfgang Pauli proposed this idea in 1925. After reading a paper on quantum states in 1924, Pauli decided to add a fourth value to the classical three values used to describe the state of electrons. Two other scientists, Samuel Goudsmit and George Uhlenbeck, defined the fourth quantum quantity as the electron's spin. So option (a) is the correct option.

For more information about Pauli Exclusion Principle, visit :

https://brainly.com/question/1131382

#SPJ4

Complete question:

What is the Pauli Exclusion Principle?

a) An atomic orbital can only hold a maximum of 2 electrons, each with opposite spins.

b) An atomic orbital can hold a minimum of 6 electrons, each with opposite spins

c) An atomic orbital can hold a maximum of 6 electrons, each with the same spin

d) An atomic orbital can hold a minimum of 2 electrons, each with opposite spins

The particles of the solution is smaller than that of the colloids and suspension.

Solution has the smallest particle, and the particles of solution are uniformly distributed and too small in which light can difficultly scatter. Colloids have larger particles than the solution and colloids can scatter light but do not settle out. Suspensions have the largest particles from both solution and colloids. Particles in solution is tinier than that of colloids. The particles in solution can not be seen in microscope, while the particles in colloids can be seen with the microscope.

So we can conclude that: The particles of the solution is smaller than that of the colloids and suspension.

Learn more about Solution here: https://brainly.com/question/25326161

#SPJ1

The role of oxygen in the functioning of the electron transport chain (ETC) is to act as the final electron acceptor.

It accepts electrons at the end of the electron transport chain, which allows the ETC to continue operating and generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.

During aerobic respiration, oxygen combines with electrons and protons to form water in the following reaction:

1/2 O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- → H2O

This reaction summarizes the fate of oxygen as it accepts electrons and protons from the ETC. The oxygen molecules are reduced to form water, which is a byproduct of aerobic respiration.

This process is crucial for the efficient production of ATP in aerobic organisms. Without oxygen as the final electron acceptor, the electron transport chain would not be able to function properly, leading to a decrease in ATP production and an impairment of cellular energy metabolism.

To know more about aerobic respiration, click here:

https://brainly.com/question/30710419

#SPJ11

When 60.0 g of carbon is burned in 160.0 g of oxygen, 220.0 g of carbon dioxide is formed. 60.0 g mass of carbon dioxide is formed when 60.0 g of carbon is burned in 750.0g of oxygen.

To solve this problem, we can use the concept of stoichiometry and the balanced chemical equation for the combustion of carbon to form carbon dioxide. The balanced equation is as follows:

C + O₂ → CO₂

According to the equation, one mole of carbon reacts with one mole of oxygen to produce one mole of carbon dioxide.

Calculate the number of moles of carbon and oxygen in the given scenario:

Molar mass of carbon (C) = 12.01 g/mol

Molar mass of oxygen (O₂) = 32.00 g/mol (16.00 g/mol × 2)

Number of moles of carbon = Mass of carbon / Molar mass of carbon

Number of moles of carbon = 60.0 g / 12.01 g/mol = 4.998 mol (rounded to three decimal places)

Number of moles of oxygen = Mass of oxygen / Molar mass of oxygen

Number of moles of oxygen = 750.0 g / 32.00 g/mol = 23.438 mol (rounded to three decimal places)

Since the balanced equation shows a 1:1 ratio between carbon and carbon dioxide, we can infer that 4.998 moles of carbon will produce 4.998 moles of carbon dioxide.

Now, using the molar mass of carbon dioxide (44.01 g/mol), we can calculate the mass of carbon dioxide produced:

Mass of carbon dioxide = Number of moles of carbon dioxide × Molar mass of carbon dioxide

Mass of carbon dioxide = 4.998 mol × 44.01 g/mol = 219.92 g (rounded to two decimal places)

Therefore, when 60.0 g of carbon is burned in 750.0 g of oxygen, approximately 219.92 g of carbon dioxide is formed.

To know more about carbon dioxide here

https://brainly.com/question/3049557

#SPJ4

Answer:

Chlamydia, gonorrhoeah, syphilis, and trichomoniasis

Explanation:

Answer:

The four examples of STIS

Answers:

Explanation:

Answer:

The sun's gravity pulls on the earth, and the earth pulls back on the sun at the same time. This is why the center of the solar system is not the center of the sun. As one gravitational body gets bigger than the other, it circles closer to the center of the system (shown in red).

Explanation:

hope this helps...

The earth is known to be falling towards the sun as a result of intense gravity. The earth is known to have plenty of sideways momentum and due to this sideways momentum, the earth is often falling towards the sun and missing it.

The reason we are pulled to the center of the Earth and not into the much larger sun by gravity is that all objects with mass, like our Earth, do bend and curve the fabric of the universe referred to as spacetime.

At most, the gravity from the sun result in our planet moving in a curved, elliptical path. but, the planets are moving fast enough so that they are not pulled into the sun.

The sun has a more weaker gravity and as it loses mass, it causes the Earth to slowly move away from it.

Learn more from

https://brainly.com/question/9934704

Answer:

Reactivity increases down the group

Explanation:

This is because metals reaction involves loss of an electron from an occupied orbital.

As we go down the group the relative nuclear charge decreases due to an additional orbit leading to ease in loss of an electron

Due to ease in loss of electrons down the group metals become more reactive down the group

The masses of proton ( in kilogram) = 1.67262 × 10−27 kg ( six significant figure).

Proton is a stable subatomic particle with symbols p, H+ or 1H+ and a positive charge of +1 e elementary charge. Its mass is slightly less than that of a neutron.

A neutron is a subatomic particle (symbol n or n⁰ ) with a neutral charge and a mass slightly greater than that of a proton. Protons and neutrons form the nucleus. Electrons, protons, and neutrons are the elementary particles that make up atoms. Atoms consist of a central nucleus containing neutrons and protons. Electrons revolve around the nucleus. Electrons are negatively charged, protons are positively charged, and neutrons are neutral. The electron mass is the mass of the rest electron, also known as the invariant mass of the electron.

Learn more about proton here:-https://brainly.com/question/1805828

#SPJ1

The rule that states the absolute temperature of a gases and the universal gas standard are equivalent to the product of the volume and the pressure of a single gram of an ideal gas.

The associated with the motion energy of atoms or molecules as in system is measured by temperature. The water droplets in a hot cup coffee move more quickly than the hydrogen atoms in a cup of iced tea because the average kinetic energy of hot coffee is higher.

The addition of energy (heating), which raises the temperature, increases the movement of atoms and molecules. By removing energy (cooling), atoms and molecules slow down and the temperature drops as a result.

To know more about temperature visit :

https://brainly.com/question/12035620

#SPJ4

Sample left = 6.25 g

The percentage = 6.25%

Given

t1/2 = half-life = 3.8 days

t = decay time = 15.2 days

No = initial sample = 100 g

Required

Nt = final sample left

The percentage

Solution

General formulas used in decay:  

\(\large{\boxed{\bold{N_t=N_0(\dfrac{1}{2})^{t/t\frac{1}{2} }}}\)

Input the value :

\(\tt N_t=100.\dfrac{1}{2}^{15.2/3.8}\\\\N_t=100.\dfrac{1}{2}^4\\\\N_t=6.25~g\)

The percentage : Nt/No

6.25 : 100 = 6.25%

The receptor sites of receiving neurons have been observed to increase following option C: long term potentiation.

The process of long-term potentiation (LTP), which involves continuous synaptic strengthening, results in a sustained increase in signal transmission between neurons. In terms of synaptic plasticity, it is a significant process. LTP recording is a well-known cellular model for the investigation of memory.

LTP is common in cortical and hippocampal networks and demonstrates a number of characteristics needed for a large capacity information storage device. Learning is facilitated by pharmacological substances that promote LTP development, whereas learning is facilitated by pharmacological agents that inhibit LTP formation or gene mutations that interfere with LTP.

To know more about long-term potentiation, refer:

https://brainly.com/question/14475143

#SPJ4

Complete question is:

The receptor sites of receiving neurons have been observed to increase following: Answer

retrieval failure.

stress.

long-term potentiation.

imagination inflation.