One of the challenges of antimicrobial peptides is their short physiological half-life. To solve this problem, some researchers have begun investigating synthetic antimicrobial peptides composed of D-amino acids. Why might these peptides have an increased half-life in the body relative to natural antimicrobial peptides?
Answers
Synthetic antimicrobial peptides composed of D-amino acids may have an increased half-life in the body relative to natural antimicrobial peptides because they are more resistant to enzymatic degradation.
What are antimicrobial peptides?
Natural antimicrobial peptides are composed of L-amino acids, which can be broken down by enzymes in the body. However, D-amino acids are not recognized by these enzymes and are therefore more stable, allowing the synthetic antimicrobial peptides to remain active for longer periods of time. Additionally, D-amino acids may also have improved binding properties and increased resistance to proteolytic cleavage, further contributing to their increased half-life.
To know more about antimicrobial peptides, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/13051676
#SPJ11
The physiological half-life of antimicrobial peptides is often short due to their susceptibility to degradation by proteases in the body. However, synthetic antimicrobial peptides composed of D-amino acids are more resistant to protease degradation because they have a different three-dimensional structure than natural peptides composed of L-amino acids. This different structure makes it harder for proteases to break down the synthetic peptides, leading to an increased half-life in the body. Additionally, D-amino acid peptides may also be less susceptible to clearance by the body's filtration systems, allowing them to remain in circulation for a longer period of time.
Synthetic antimicrobial peptides composed of D-amino acids may have an increased half-life in the body relative to natural antimicrobial peptides due to their resistance to protease degradation. Proteases typically target L-amino acids, which are commonly found in natural peptides. By using D-amino acids, these synthetic peptides can evade protease activity, leading to a longer physiological half-life and enhanced stability in the body.
Learn more about antimicrobial peptides here:-
https://brainly.com/question/13051676
#SPJ11
Related Questions
What is the
Human Genome
Project?
A. A project started by scientists to map and sequence the
entire human genome.
B. A group of scientists that decided to look into the
history and evolution of humans.
C. A field that developed a computer system that was
advanced enough to read DNA on its own.
Answers
A. A project started by scientists to map and sequence the entire human genome is the Human Genome Project.
The Human Genome Project is an international research effort whose main goals are to identify all 50,000–100,000 genes found in the human genome, decipher the chemical sequence of the complete human genetic material (i.e., the entire genome), and provide research tools to analyze all this genetic data.
A project started by scientists to map and sequence the entire human genome. An extensive multinational effort was made as part of the Human Genome Project to map and sequence the whole human genome, which contains all of the genetic material found in an individual. This study, which includes scientists from numerous nations and organizations, started in 1990 and was finished in 2003. The project's objective was to produce a thorough map of the human genome that would aid in understanding the genetic underpinnings of human biology and illness. The data produced by the Human Genome Project has had a significant influence on many fields of biology and medicine and is still a valuable source for continuing research.
Learn more about Human Genome Project, https://brainly.com/question/30431459
The size of the produced amoeba differ by changing the surrounding environment , but its chromosomal number and type of division stay the same by changing the surrounding environment
-The two statements are right
-The two statements are wrong
-The first statement is right and the second is wrong
-The first statement is wrong and the second is right
Answers
Answer:
The first statement is wrong and the second is right
A mutation to the p53 gene can cause what type of disease?
-Cancer since the delay in the cell cycle is disrupted.
-Nondisjunction causing an abnormal number of chromosomes.
-Cystic fibrosis due to a mutation in the gene that codes for a specific protein.
-Sickle cell causing abnormally shaped red blood cells.
Answers
Answer: A mutation to the p53 gene can cuase cancer since the delay in the cell cycle is disrupted.
A mutation to the p53 gene can cause this type of disease: Cancer since the delay in the cell cycle is disrupted.
A cell cycle is as an ordered sequence of events that takes place within a living cell as it grows and divide into two new daughter cells.
Cancer can be defined as the uncontrolled division of certain body cells, which then invade the surrounding tissues and interfere with the normal functioning of the body.
Some examples of cancer are:
Breast cancer.Prostrate cancer.Carcinoma.A tumor can be defined as an abnormal mass of tissue formed when various body cells grow and divide more than its required or fail to when necessary (required).
Thus, it usually degenerate into cancerous growths (cancer).
In conclusion, it is caused by exposure to extremely dangerous radioactive substances such as gamma ray, uranium etc.
Read more: https://brainly.com/question/24152929
The following is known about the inheritance of size and fur color in Holland lop rabbits: • Crosses between large individuals only produce large individuals. • Crosses between dwarf individuals produce both large and dwarf rabbits in a ratio of 1:2. Such crosses also produce some very small kits (baby rabbits) that generally die within a few days. • Crosses between brown rabbits only produce brown kits. • Some crosses between black rabbits produce only black kits, whereas others produce both black and brown kits. • The size and fur-color phenotypes segregate independently. A large black doe (female rabbit) gives birth to nine black kits-five are large, and four are dwarf. What are the possible phenotypes of the kits' father? black dwarf or brown dwarf only black dwarf only black dwarf, brown dwarf, black large, or brown large black dwarf or brown large only
Answers
The possible phenotypes of the kits' father could be black dwarf or brown dwarf only.
This is because the inheritance of size and fur color in Holland lop rabbits segregate independently.
The fact that the large black doe gives birth to both large and dwarf black kits indicates that the size phenotype is not linked to the fur color phenotype.
Therefore, the father could be either black or brown and could be either large or dwarf, as long as the appropriate ratio of large to dwarf offspring is maintained.
In summary, the main answer to the question is that the possible phenotypes of the kits' father are black dwarf or brown dwarf only, based on the independent segregation of size and fur color phenotypes in Holland lop rabbits.
Learn more about phenotypes click here:
https://brainly.com/question/902712
#SPJ11
Maintaining the planet's biodiversity is important for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:
A. generating the natural water supply.
B. recycling important nutrients.
C. regulating the chemistry of the planet's atmosphere.
D. pollinating the crops humans depend on for food.
E. keeping public parks clean.
Answers
Maintaining the planet's biodiversity is important for all of the following reasons except keeping public parks clean. The correct answer is option E.
Biodiversity refers to the variety of living things found on Earth, biological diversity is also referred to as biodiversity. Biodiversity includes the many ecosystems, such as deserts, rainforests, and coral reefs, and the many different plant and animal species that live within them. Biodiversity has a number of advantages, some of which are mentioned below: Regulating the planet's atmosphere chemistry, recycling essential nutrients, and pollination of crops on which humans rely for sustenance.
Learn more about biodiversity: https://brainly.com/question/26110061
#SPJ11
true or false: if molecules move from where there is less to where there is more , they move down the concentration gradient
Answers
Pacif is an osmosis, simple and facilitated decision. They are going from high to low concentration without energy with or down gradient.
On the other side is Active.
Going from low to high against the gradient.
Label A
DONE
Label B
DONE V
Label C
DONE
Label D
DONE
B
D
Answers
Answer:
what is the question
Explanation:
is there supposed to be any picture ion get it
Lorenzo pushes on a heavy crate with an applied force of 250N at an angle of 30° below the horizontal. The fo friction opposing the applied force is 95 N. If the mass of the crate is 45 kg, what is the acceleration of the crate.
Answers
Answer:
what is the speed and time
what is the funtion of the cilia
Answers
The function of cilia is to move water relative to the cell in a regular movement of the cilia. This process can either result in the cell moving through the water, typical for many single-celled organisms, or in moving water and its contents across the surface of the cell.
A child dies following a series of chronic bacterial infections At the autopsy, the physicians are startled to see that the child's white blood cells are loaded with vacuoles containing intact bacteria. Which of the following explanations could account for this finding?
Answers
White blood cells' defective lysosomes prohibited them from killing engulfed bacteria.
What do white blood cells do?The body's immune system includes white blood cells. They aid the body in the battle against illness and infection. The three different types of white blood cells are lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils) (T cells and B cells).
What causes chronic bacterial infections?Most often, bacterial "persisters"—a small subpopulation of bacteria that manages to survive an antibiotic onslaught by effectively shutting down and "sleeping" through it, even as their counterparts, who are awake, are killed off—are the source of chronic and recurrent infections.
To know more about White blood cells visit:
https://brainly.com/question/10736124
#SPJ9
how do you think genetic screenings today might affect a person’s ability to get a job, or get health insurance ?
Answers
Answer:
Genetics can reveal many different aspects, such as a person may be inclined to such as increased risk of addiction to various substances therefor making an employer feel as though hiring said individual could be a greater risk and a bad investment.
Explanation:
Plant Structure and Function Lab
Title: Plant Structure and Function Lab
Objective(s):
After doing this lab, you should be able to:
Identify the correct plant tissues from the corresponding slides.
Identify the different structures of a flower.
Describe the functions of each flower structure.
Describe the functions of each plant tissue.
Answer the Analysis and Conclusion questions using multiple sentences.
Materials:
Flower (from an indoor or outdoor plant)
Scissors
Tape
Tweezers
Lab Report
Procedure:
Plant Tissues — Part 1
Review each image in your lab activity slide show. Identify the correct tissue or organ below based on each individual slide. Several of these choices may be used multiple times.
phloem
stoma
xylem
guard cells
dermal
ground
vascular
Slide 1 Slide 2 Slide 3 Slide 4 Slide 5
a. a. a. a. a.
b. b. b. b. b.
c. c. c.
d.
Flower Dissection — Part 2
Pick a flower from your yard, a public location, or somewhere in your neighborhood.
Start by removing the sepals of the flower with a tweezer. If you do not have a tweezer, a small pair of scissors will also work. It may be easiest to do this if you hold the flower with your finger from below the pedicel (small stalk just underneath the flower) and begin to remove the sepals with a pair of tweezers.
Using tweezers, place the sepals on the labelled printable worksheet, and tape them in place.
Repeat the same procedure for the petals and pistil.
Remove all but one of the stamens and tape them onto the worksheet.
On your printable worksheet, you should have sepals, petals, stamens and one pistil.
Take a picture of your worksheet with the flower pieces placed correctly, and save it on your computer. You will attach and submit this with your assessment questions.
If a flower is not accessible, you should include clear drawings or close up images for each of the required parts. Citations should be included for any images used.
Data:
Flower Dissection
Name of Flower Component Piece of Flower from Lab Function
Sepal
Petals
Stamen
Pistil
Analysis & Conclusion — Part 3
Plant Tissues
What are three characteristics that all species belonging to the plant kingdom have in common?
How will the numbers of stomata differ in tropical plants and desert plants? How does this help protect the health of a plant?
If a plant's xylem and phloem become damaged, what type of damage will result within the plant? Describe the different roles on the xylem and phloem in your answer.
Why do we compare the dermal tissue of plants to human skin? Explain your answer.
Would a plant be able to survive if the ground tissue was damaged? Explain your answer.
Flowering Reproduction
Describe how flowering plants reproduce.
How do flowers help other organisms in our environment?
Which parts of a plant are responsible for reproduction? Describe the role that each of them will play.
Describe what occurs during the process of seed development.
Based on your knowledge of flowers, why do you think most flowers are bright in color?
Answers
Answer:
Plant Tissues — Part 1
________________________________________________________
Slide 1 Slide 2 Slide 3 Slide 4 Slide 5
a. phloem a. guard cells a. vascular a. vascular a. vascular
b. xylem b. stoma b. dermal b. ground b. ground
c. ground c. dermal c. dermal
d. dermal
________________________________________________________
Analysis & Conclusion — Part 3
Plant Tissues:
1) What are three characteristics that all species belonging to the plant kingdom have in common?
Answer: Three common characteristics of all species belonging to the plant kingdom are that they are eukaryotic, multicellular, and photosynthetic.
2) How will the numbers of stomata differ in tropical plants and desert plants? How does this help protect the health of a plant?
Answer: Desert plants will have fewer stomata than tropical plants. This helps desert plants conserve water, as stomata are responsible for gas exchange but also allow for water loss through transpiration.
3) If a plant's xylem and phloem become damaged, what type of damage will result within the plant? Describe the different roles of the xylem and phloem in your answer.
Answer: If a plant's xylem and phloem become damaged, it may not be able to transport water, nutrients or food efficiently, leading to stunted growth, wilting, or even death. The xylem is responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant, while the phloem transports sugars and other organic compounds from the leaves to other parts of the plant.
4) Why do we compare the dermal tissue of plants to human skin? Explain your answer.
Answer: We compare the dermal tissue of plants to human skin because they both serve as a protective barrier for the organism. The dermal tissue of plants helps prevent water loss, infection and physical damage to the plant.
5) Would a plant be able to survive if the ground tissue was damaged? Explain your answer.
Answer: A plant may be able to survive if the ground tissue was damaged, but it would impact the plant's ability to store food and water, anchor itself in the soil, and transport materials throughout the plant.
Flowering Reproduction:
1) Describe how flowering plants reproduce.
Answer: Flowering plants reproduce sexually through pollination. Pollination occurs when pollen from the male part of the flower (the stamen) is transferred to the female part (the pistil). This can occur through self-pollination or cross-pollination, where pollen is transferred between different flowers by wind, insects, or other pollinators.
2) How do flowers help other organisms in our environment?
Answer: Flowers provide food sources for many organisms, such as bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds, which help to pollinate the flowers. This relationship is important for the reproduction of many flowering plants and contributes to the overall health and diversity of ecosystems.
3) Which parts of a plant are responsible for reproduction? Describe the role that each of them will play.
Answer: The stamen and pistil are responsible for reproduction in flowering plants. The stamen produces pollen, which contains the sperm cells, while the pistil contains the ovules, which house the egg cells. The pollen must be transferred to the stigma, which is the sticky surface at the top of the pistil, where it can travel down the style to reach the ovules in the ovary.
4) Describe what occurs during the process of seed development.
Answer: Seed development is the process by which a plant produces and matures a seed. The process begins when a plant is fertilized and the fertilized egg starts to grow into an embryo. As the embryo develops, a seed coat or protective covering forms around it. The endosperm, which provides the nutrients for the growing embryo, also develops within the seed. As the plant matures, the seed develops and the embryo grows into a fully formed plant that can reproduce again. Finally, when the seed is matured and ready for dispersal, it dries out, and can be dispersed by wind, water or animals.
5) Based on your knowledge of flowers, why do you think most flowers are bright in color?
Answer: Flowers are often bright in color to attract pollinators, such as bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds, to the flower. This helps increase the likelihood of pollination, as the pollinators are drawn to the color and scent of the flower.
Explanation:
In the Plant Structure and Function Lab, the objective is to learn about plant tissues and the structures of a flower, as well as understand their functions.
The lab requires materials such as a flower, scissors, tape, tweezers, and a lab report. The lab is divided into three parts.
Part 1 focuses on plant tissues. You will review images in a slide show and identify the correct tissue or organ based on each slide. The choices include phloem, stoma, xylem, guard cells, dermal, ground, and vascular tissues.
Part 2 involves dissecting a flower.
You need to remove the sepals, petals, stamens, and pistil from a flower and place them on a labeled worksheet. If you don't have access to a flower, you can include clear drawings or close-up images of each part. Part 3 is the analysis and conclusion. It consists of questions related to plant tissues and flowering reproduction. Here are some key points: 1. Plant Tissues: - All plant species share three common characteristics: they have cell walls made of cellulose, they undergo photosynthesis, and they have specialized structures called chloroplasts. - Stomata, which are tiny openings on leaves, allow gas exchange.
Tropical plants have more stomata than desert plants, which helps them control water loss and maintain their health. - If a plant's xylem and phloem become damaged, it will affect the transportation of water, nutrients, and sugars within the plant. Xylem transports water and minerals from the roots to other parts of the plant, while phloem carries sugars produced during photosynthesis to different plant tissues.
2. Dermal Tissue: - Dermal tissue in plants is similar to human skin because it acts as a protective barrier against physical damage, pathogens, and excessive water loss.
3. Ground Tissue: - If the ground tissue of a plant is damaged, the plant may still be able to survive. Ground tissue provides support, storage, and photosynthesis in plants, but other tissues can compensate for its loss
. 4. Flowering Reproduction: - Flowering plants reproduce through a process called pollination. Pollen from the stamen (male reproductive organ) is transferred to the stigma (part of the pistil, the female reproductive organ) of another flower of the same species. - Flowers attract other organisms, such as insects and birds, through their bright colors and scent.
These organisms help in the pollination process by carrying pollen from one flower to another. - The stamen (made up of the anther and filament) produces pollen, while the pistil (made up of the stigma, style, and ovary) contains the ovules. The pollen fertilizes the ovules, leading to seed development.
5. Bright Colors of Flowers: - Most flowers are bright in color to attract pollinators. The bright colors serve as visual signals to insects, birds, or other organisms that the flower contains nectar, pollen, or both. This encourages the organisms to visit the flower, promoting pollination.
To know more about flower here
https://brainly.com/question/957208
#SPJ2
The human diploid number of chromosomes is:
A. 23
B. 50
C.46
D.25
Answers
The human diploid number of chromosomes is 46.
The correct option is C
This means that each normal human cell contains two sets of 23 chromosomes, one set inherited from the mother and one set inherited from the father, for a total of 46 chromosomes. Chromosomes are made up of DNA and contain the genetic information that determines an individual's traits and characteristics. The diploid number of chromosomes is important for sexual reproduction, as it ensures that each parent contributes an equal number of chromosomes to their offspring. However, some medical conditions can result from changes in the number or structure of chromosomes, such as Down syndrome, which is caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21.
To know more about diploid click here:
brainly.com/question/24301939
#SPJ4
Many closely related species of ducks have different courtship dances that are performed to solidify a pair-bond. If you were to cross individuals from each of these species what would you expect to see in the hybrid offspring if behaviors related to pair-bond formation were completely due to genetics?
Answers
Answer:
I would expect to see a new phenotype in which the new duck hybrid species would express a new mixed courtship dance with the behaviors of both parentals.
Explanation:
The cross between both parentals, each from different species, might produce a new phenotype that exhibits both parental dances. The new dance might be considered a hybrid of the parental dances.
Genetically speaking, we can think that there is a gene codifying for the courtship behavior in one species and another gene expressing a different courtship behavior in the other species. This cross´ product would be a hybrid species that exhibits a part of both parentals´ behaviors.
What is the greatest advantage of using different methods that result in the same outcome?
Answers
Explanation:
I think that if you use different methods that result in the same outcome you will have more chances of getting the required result. This is because you don't know whether one of your methods might work or not, so having many of them help you.
Not sure if I'm correct or not but I hope this helps
What are the Nerinea Trinodosa's common ancestors?
Answers
The common ancestor of Nerinea Trinodosa is a group of spiders known as the Salticidae, or jumping spiders.
What is the Salticidae known for?Salticidae spiders are the largest family of spiders in the world, with over 6,000 species. They are found on all continents except Antarctica, and they are especially diverse in tropical and subtropical regions.
Salticidae spiders are characterized by their large eyes, which are located on the front of their heads. They use their eyes to see in three dimensions, which allows them to jump accurately. Salticidae spiders also have very good vision, and they can see ultraviolet light.
Find out more on Salticidae here: https://brainly.com/question/31377223
#SPJ1
what is the blue structure
Answers
Answer:
B. Adenine
Explanation:
ATP contains three things: Adenosine, adenine, and phosphate groups. The only one missing from this diagram is adenine.
please help me quickly
Answers
Answer:
1. Light.
2. Atmospheric.
3. Energy from e.
4. Water molecule.
5. Oxygen.
6. Energy, hydrogen.
Bacteria in culture A produce slime capsules around their cell walls. A biologist removed the DNA from some of the bacteria in culture A. He then injected it into bacteria in culture B, which normally do not produce slime capsules. After the injection, bacteria with slime capsules began to appear in culture B. What conclusion could best be drawn from this investigation?
Answers
The most plausible conclusion from this investigation is that the DNA extracted from the bacteria in culture A contained the genetic information responsible for the production of slime capsules.
When this DNA was introduced into the bacteria in culture B, it triggered the expression of the genes responsible for slime capsule formation. This result strongly suggests that the ability to produce slime capsules is genetically determined and can be transferred between bacterial strains through the transfer of DNA.
The presence of slime capsules in culture B, which previously lacked this trait, indicates that the DNA from culture A successfully integrated into the genetic material of the recipient bacteria in culture B and activated the genes involved in slime capsule production. This investigation provides evidence for horizontal gene transfer, where genetic material is transferred between different organisms, potentially leading to the acquisition of new traits.
To learn more about DNA follow the link:
https://brainly.com/question/30111562
#SPJ4
can someone help lollz.. I'll mark for most brainliest answer..
Answers
Answer:
freeb please lol
Explanation:
Scientists discover two planets orbiting a distant star. The average distance from the star to Planet A is 4 AU, and it takes 432 Earth days for Planet A to orbit the star. If it takes 1,460 days for Planet B to complete an orbit, what is the average distance from Planet B to the star?
Answers
Answer:
3.3
Explanation:
no reason for the explanation
Answer:
C. 9 AU
Explanation:
The period (T) of Planet A is 432365=1.2 Earth years. The period of Planet B is 1,458365=4.0 Earth years. Kepler's Third Law states that
a3=kT2
Substituting the known values of a and T for Planet A, we have
43=k⋅1.22
64=k⋅1.4
k=45.7
Using this value for k, we can solve for the distance from Planet B to the star
a3=45.7⋅4.02
a3=731.2
a=9.0AU
An alternative solution is to notice that a3T2=k for both orbits, which means that the ratio a3T2 is the same for both orbits. So, 434322=x314582. Solving this proportion gives x3=729, so x=9.0AU.
Which statement is true about fossils?
O Most life on earth has been preserved as fossils.
O The conditions for forming fossils are rare.
O Any organism can be preserved as a fossil no matter its form.
O The fossil record provides a thorough and complete view of Earth's history.
Answers
Answer: I believe The conditions for forming fossils are rare.
Explanation: hope this helps
Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have a cell membrane
true or false
Answers
Answer:
false
Explanation:
as prokaryotic cells are the primitive types of cells so you do not have cell membrane
The energy found in the sugar started from the light energy and it was transformed to chemical energy. This statement shows the Law of what??
a.Conservation of energy or Thermodynamics
b.Centrifugal Force
c.Relativity
d.Perpetual motion
Answers
If the population of rabbits in this ecosystem decreased dramatically because of certain environmental changes, which organisms’ food supply would decrease?
A.
owl and snake
B.
jackal and wildcat
C.
green plant and mouse
D.
goat and wildcat
Answers
Answer:
A. Owl and Snake
Explanation:
A green plant cannot eat a rabbit. Neither can a goat.
B. could be the answer but I believe that A. is the answer because I'm positive that those animals eat rabbits.
Hope this helped :)
If an organism uses mitosis (asexual reproduction) to reproduce. What is the outcome?
A. The offspring are twice as large as the parent
B. The offspring are genetically identical to the parent
C. The offspring developed from a parents fertile egg
D. The offspring have half as many chromosomes as the parent
Answers
Answer:
B
Explanation:
I learned this 2 years ago
If I have 8 DNA nucleotides, how many
DNA
bases do I have?
How many base pairs?
Answers
Answer:
Each nucleotide contains phosphate, sugar (of the deoxyribose type), and one of the four bases (Figure 8-4). When the phosphate group is not present, the base and the deoxyribose form a nucleoside rather than a nucleotide. The four bases are adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine.
Explanation:
Use Meteorology in a Sentence science related answers only please
Answers
Meteorology is the science of the weather. The weather person on the TV is a meteorologist.
Some of them quite liked meteorology, but others only tolerated it as it is not an exact science
in c4 photosynthesis, where does the carbon in newly synthesized glucose come from?
Answers
The carbon in newly synthesized glucose during C4 photosynthesis comes from the atmospheric CO2 that is initially fixed into oxaloacetate and later released as CO2 again in the bundle sheath cells to be incorporated into glucose through the Calvin cycle.
1. \(CO_2\) enters the leaf through stomata, which are tiny pores on the leaf surface.
2. The\(CO_2\) is initially fixed into a 4-carbon compound called oxaloacetate by an enzyme called phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) in mesophyll cells.
3. Oxaloacetate is then converted into malate, another 4-carbon compound, which is transported into the bundle sheath cells.
4. In the bundle sheath cells, malate is decarboxylated, releasing \(CO_2\).
5. The released \(CO_2\) is fixed into a 3-carbon compound called 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PGA) by the enzyme ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) through the Calvin cycle.
6. The 3-PGA molecules go through a series of reactions in the Calvin cycle, ultimately generating glucose and other sugars.
To know more about C4 photosynthesis refer here :-
https://brainly.com/question/14670279#
#SPJ11
cross-fostering experiments with norway rat pups showed that in their response to stress,a) environment was the critical factor, not genetics.b) genetics was the only important factor.c) both genetics and the environment played a clear role.d) cross-fostered pups resembled their biological mothers more than their foster mothers
Answers
The correct answer is c) Cross-fostering studies with Norway rat pups demonstrated that both genetics and environment clearly influenced how the rats responded to stress.
Norway rat offspring used in cross-fostering studies have demonstrated that both heredity and surroundings affect how well they respond to stress.
Researchers were able to differentiate between hereditary and environmental variables that affect behavior in these studies because the moms who reared the rat offspring were genetically unconnected to them.
These studies' findings indicate that rodent behavior, including its stress reaction, can be significantly influenced by both heredity and environment. This indicates that a complicated interplay between environmental and genetic factors influences the formation of stress reactions.
Learn more about cross-fostering experiments at
https://brainly.com/question/13223403
#SPJ4