The African and South American plate are 4000 km apart.

how long ago was this
A. 300 Million Years Ago
B. 260 Million Years Ago
C. 133 Million Years Ago
D. Present Day

They are stored in synaptic vesicles.

Where are chemical messengers kept on the presynaptic membrane before they cross the synapse to connect with receptors on the postsynaptic membrane?

Neurotransmitters come in a wide variety, and more are always being found! The very definition of what constitutes a neurotransmitter has evolved and grown throughout time. We'll discuss these unconventional neurotransmitters at the end of the article, but for now, let's start out by talking about the conventional ones. The chemical messengers that act as conventional neurotransmitters share some basic features. They are stored in synaptic vesicles, get released when textCa2+Ca increases in the synaptic cleft, and are released from synaptic receptors.

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Answer: c

Explanation: you can notice she is special unlike others she has something unic. btw this belongs to inglish clas not biology sorry to break it up to you

Answer:

The Answer is C.

Explanation:

It makes more sense than the other answers...right? look at it. see it now?

Vasodilation and vasoconstriction are the main mechanisms to change blood flow beacuse blood vessel length is relatively fixed and has no effect on blood flow.

The narrowing (constriction) of blood arteries by tiny muscles in their walls is known as vasoconstriction. Blood flow is delayed or halted as blood vessels close. Vasoconstriction can range from mild to severe. It might be brought on by sickness, medication, or psychological issues.

The sympathetic nervous system, which responds when we are emotionally agitated or angry, is principally in charge of controlling them. This explains how both cold and mental stress can cause these blood vessels to contract, resulting in freezing fingers and toes.

Vasodilation, or the expansion of blood vessels as a result of the blood vessel's muscular walls relaxing, is a medical term. Vasodilation is a method for improving blood flow to body parts that are deficient in oxygen and/or nutrients.

Natural responses to low oxygen levels or rises in body temperature include vasodilation. Its goal is to improve blood flow and oxygen delivery to the body's most in needy regions. Vasodilation may be advantageous to a person's health in some situations.

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The mixture is predicted to have a cloudy or milky appearance after 20 minutes due to the formation of micelles in the heated bile.

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C. The the scale of the model the bacteria cell  is 10,000:1.

A  bacillus, also called a bacilliform bacterium or often just a rod, is a rod-shaped bacterium or archaeon. Bacilli are found in many different taxonomic groups of bacteria.

40 mm  :  0.004 mm :

x  1000    : x 1000

=  40,000  : 4 mm  

=  (40,000 mm/4mm) : (4 mm/4mm)  

=  10,000 : 1

Thus, the the scale of the model the bacteria cell  is 10,000:1.

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Stedman believes that a mutation in the human jaw muscle allowed for unique feature size of the braincase that help in develop and growth of the human brain.

According to Stedman's theory mutation in the gene that codes for the MYH16 protein, which is in charge of regulating the growth of the jaw muscle, resulted in a decrease in the size and power of the human jaw muscles. Because of which the human braincase was able to expand, creating more room for the brain's expansion and development.

According to this theory, humans larger and more complex brains have been developed at the expense of their jaw muscles. It is one of many theories put forth to account for the development of the human brain.

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Answer:

Natural selection is the theory that states that if individuals of different genotypes are differently qualified to live and have viable offspring under prevailing conditions, those genes that promote greater fitness must spread at the expense of others. Natural selection is therefore the process that occurs when more capable traits are inherited from one generation to another due to the interaction between the characteristics of the organism and its environment. The first to propose this theory was Charles Darwin.

Answer:

ayyeee you go to k12 too in 9th grade

Explanation:

Explanation:

this is correct answer oky

Prednisone, as a steroid, exerts its effects at the cellular level by interacting with specific receptors within cells. These receptors, known as glucocorticoid receptors, are present in various types of cells throughout the body.

When prednisone is administered, it binds to these receptors, triggering a series of molecular and cellular events.

Once prednisone binds to glucocorticoid receptors, the steroid-receptor complex enters the cell's nucleus, where it can directly influence gene expression. It acts as a transcription factor, meaning it can regulate the production of specific proteins by either activating or inhibiting the transcription (synthesis) of certain genes.

The activation or inhibition of gene transcription by prednisone leads to changes in the synthesis of various proteins involved in inflammatory and immune responses. Prednisone predominantly acts by suppressing the immune system and reducing inflammation. It achieves this by inhibiting the production of inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines and prostaglandins, which are involved in the initiation and progression of inflammatory reactions.

Furthermore, prednisone can also enhance the activity of anti-inflammatory proteins, such as lipocortin-1, which inhibits the enzyme phospholipase A2. This enzyme is responsible for the production of arachidonic acid, a precursor for inflammatory mediators like prostaglandins and leukotrienes. By inhibiting phospholipase A2, prednisone reduces the availability of arachidonic acid and subsequently decreases the production of inflammatory substances.

In summary, prednisone induces changes at the cellular level by binding to glucocorticoid receptors within cells, which then influences gene expression and protein synthesis. These changes lead to the suppression of immune responses and the reduction of inflammation, making prednisone an effective treatment for various conditions involving allergic reactions, arthritis, and inflammatory responses.

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Answer:

B. To see whether a hypothesis is supported

Answer: 9 and 6

Explanation:

6−1x0+

2

2

=6+−1+1

Combine Like Terms:

=6+−1+1

=(6+−1+1)

=6

The answer is (b) Spirochaetes. Members of which bacterial phylum share a unique morphology is Spirochaetes.

Microscopic organisms are a different gathering of microorganisms that can be tracked down anyplace on The planet. They are characterized into various phyla in view of their remarkable attributes, like their morphology, digestion, and living space.

One of these phyla, Spirochaetes, is known for its particular twisting shape, which separates it from different microorganisms. Spirochaetes are known to cause a few illnesses, including syphilis and Lyme sickness, which can be communicated to people through contact with contaminated creatures or ticks.

Another phylum, cyanobacteria, is remarkable in light of the fact that it is fit for oxygenic photosynthesis, and that implies that it produces oxygen as a result of photosynthesis. This cycle is significant for supporting life on The planet, as it delivers most of the oxygen in our environment. Cyanobacteria are likewise known for shaping huge, complex designs called stromatolites, which are probably the earliest known proof of life on The planet.

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The process of protein turnover involves the synthesis and degradation of proteins.

Protein is a macronutrient composed of amino acids, the building blocks of life. It is essential for the repair and growth of our cells, organs, muscles and tissues. Protein is found in a wide variety of foods including meats, dairy, beans, nuts, and grains. Protein is essential for growth, development and maintenance of healthy bodies. In addition to its role in cell growth and maintenance, protein is also important for healthy immune systems, hormone production, and providing energy. Protein is also important for muscle maintenance and strength. It helps to repair muscle tissue after workouts and helps to maintain healthy body composition.

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Answer:

» A transverse wave is made up of crests and troughs at maximum displacements hence vibrating energy at right angles, where as a longitudinal wave is made up of compressions and rare factions where energy is assigned and kept in those particle density regions

Explanation:

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In an unpreserved and old urine specimen, there could be difficulty differentiating between bacteria and yeast.

When an unpreserved urine specimen is left for an extended period of time, it undergoes various changes due to the growth of microorganisms and degradation of cellular components. Bacteria and yeast are two types of microorganisms that can be present in urine.

Bacteria are typically the most common microorganisms found in urine specimens. They can multiply rapidly in urine that is left at room temperature for an extended period.

In fresh urine samples, bacteria can be identified through microscopic examination and culture techniques.

However, in old and unpreserved urine specimens, bacteria can undergo autolysis and lose their characteristic features, making it difficult to differentiate them from other microorganisms.

Yeast, specifically Candida species, is another type of microorganism that can be present in urine. Like bacteria, yeast can grow and multiply in unpreserved urine specimens over time.

However, yeast cells are larger than bacteria and can exhibit morphological characteristics such as budding or pseudohyphae, which can aid in their identification.

Therefore, in an unpreserved and old urine specimen, the differentiation between bacteria and yeast may become challenging due to the autolysis of bacteria and the potential alteration of yeast morphology.

Proper preservation and timely analysis of urine specimens are essential to ensure accurate identification of microorganisms.

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Answer:

wouldn't it he A

Explanation:

because they are not the same species

Answer:

A- They cannot reproduce successfully with each other

Explanation:

I just took the test :D

Answer:

A - Because we inherit traits from both parents

Explanation:

We do not need 2 to hold all the DNA - as long as we have enough chromosomes, the pairing is not relevant.

Answer:

(1) an exceptionally long life span, (2) an extended period of juvenile dependence, and (3) support of reproduction by older

Answer:

Its a recessive gene

Explanation:

It was passed down by their grandparents, or great grandparents

Scientists have effectively utilized biotechnology to enhance the production of insulin for diabetics. By inserting the human gene of insulin into bacteria.

The correct answer is option D.

Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates glucose levels in the body. Individuals with diabetes either do not produce enough insulin or cannot effectively utilize it. Biotechnology has revolutionized the production of insulin by introducing recombinant DNA technology.

The process involves inserting the human gene responsible for producing insulin into bacteria, such as Escherichia coli. These bacteria act as "factories" for insulin production. The human insulin gene is inserted into the bacterial DNA, allowing the bacteria to synthesize insulin that is identical to human insulin.

The procedure begins by isolating the human gene for insulin and inserting it into a plasmid, a small circular DNA molecule. The plasmid is then transferred into the bacteria, which replicate and express the insulin gene, resulting in the production of insulin molecules. The bacteria can be cultured on a large scale, providing a continuous supply of insulin.

This biotechnological approach has several advantages. First, it allows for the production of large quantities of insulin in a cost-effective manner. Second, the recombinant insulin produced is identical to human insulin, reducing the risk of adverse reactions in diabetic patients. Third, the process can be optimized and controlled, ensuring consistent and reliable insulin production.

This breakthrough in biotechnology has significantly improved the availability and accessibility of insulin for diabetics worldwide. It has reduced dependence on animal sources for insulin production, eliminated shortages, and provided a safer and more efficient means of insulin supply.

In summary, scientists have utilized biotechnology by inserting the human insulin gene into bacteria, enabling them to produce large quantities of identical insulin molecules. This approach has revolutionized insulin production, ensuring a steady supply of insulin for diabetics and improving their overall management of the condition.

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Answer:

A- cellular respiration : carbon dioxide

Explanation:

This question is looking for byproducts ie Photosynthesis produces Oxygen. Cellular respiration produces Carbon Dioxide. Hopefully I was able to help you!

Cytochalasin B's disruption of microfilament formation can interfere with cell division by preventing cytokinesis and causing aneuploidy, which can have significant consequences for cellular function and health.

Cytochalasin B is a chemical that disrupts microfilament formation, which is an important component of the cytoskeleton. The cytoskeleton is responsible for providing the cell with its shape and organization, and it plays a critical role in cell division.

During cell division, the cytoskeleton is involved in several processes that are essential for the separation of chromosomes and the division of the cell into two daughter cells. For example, microfilaments are responsible for the formation of the contractile ring, a structure that constricts the cell membrane and separates the two daughter cells during cytokinesis.

If cytochalasin B disrupts microfilament formation, it can interfere with the formation of the contractile ring and prevent the cell from undergoing cytokinesis. As a result, the cell may become multinucleated, meaning that it has multiple nuclei instead of dividing into two separate cells.

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Answer:

i think its

Pituitary Gland<

Explanation:

The endocrine system is the collection of glands that produce hormones that regulate metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sexual function, reproduction, sleep, and mood, among other things.

Explanation:

Your vaccination record (sometimes called your immunization record) provides a history of all the vaccines you received as a child and adult. This record may be required for certain jobs, travel abroad, or school registration.

these are the four types of ecosystems

Forest Ecosystems.

Grassland Ecosystems.

Tundra Ecosystems.

Desert Ecosystem

Answer:

The muscles of the small intestine mix food with digestive juices from the pancreas, liver, and intestine, and push the mixture forward for further digestion. The walls of the small intestine absorb water and the digested nutrients into your bloodstream.

Explanation:

Answer:

The muscles of the small intestine mix food with digestive juices from the pancreas, liver, and intestine, and push the mixture forward for further digestion.

Non-sense point mutations are the type of mutations caused by a change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA that results in the insertion of a stop codon.

Nonsense mutations refer to changes in a DNA sequence that result in one of the three termination (or "stop") codons replacing the regular codon for an amino acid. Because messenger RNA (mRNA) translation stops when a termination codon is reached, a mutation that changes a coding exon into a termination codon results in the mRNA's coding sequence being translated only halfway.

Premature termination mutations have two different effects. First, translation is impossible because the mRNA bearing a premature mutation is frequently selected for quick breakdown (via a biological process known as nonsense-mediated mRNA decay). The truncated protein is typically so unstable that it is quickly degraded within the cell, even if the mRNA is stable enough to be translated.

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