When the carboxyl group of fatty acids reacts in a dehydration synthesis reaction with the hydroxide group of glycerol, fats, or oils are formed.
Fats and oils are made up of fatty acids and glycerol.
A fatty acid has a carboxyl group attached to a long chain of carbon atoms.
Based on the presence or absence of double bonds, fatty acids are of two types, saturated (without double bond) or unsaturated (with one or more C=C double bonds), as shown in the adjoining diagram.
Glycerol is chemically trihydroxy propane. It has three hydroxyl groups.
When the carboxylic group of fatty reacts in a dehydration synthesis reaction with the hydroxyl group of glycerol, fats or oils are formed. When these groups react, an ester bond is formed.
This reaction is illustrated in the adjoining diagram.
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The pH of a solution of Ca(OH)2 is 8.57. Find the [Ca(OH)2]. Be careful, the fact that this base produces 2 OH- is important!
The concentration of Ca(OH)2 in the solution is approximately 1.33 x 10^(-6) M.
To find the concentration of Ca(OH)2 in a solution with a pH of 8.57, we need to use the concept of pOH, which is the negative logarithm of the hydroxide ion concentration ([OH-]). The pOH can be calculated by subtracting the pH from 14, which gives us 14 - 8.57 = 5.43.
Since Ca(OH)2 produces two OH- ions for every molecule of Ca(OH)2 that dissolves, the concentration of OH- ions will be twice the concentration of Ca(OH)2. Thus, we have [OH-] = 2x, where x represents the concentration of Ca(OH)2.
Taking the antilogarithm of the pOH, we find that [OH-] = 10^(-pOH) = 10^(-5.43).
Since [OH-] = 2x, we can write 2x = 10^(-5.43) and solve for x.
x = (10^(-5.43))/2 ≈ 1.33 x 10^(-6) M
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in an aerosol spray can with a volume of 456 ml contains is 3.18g of propane gas as a propellant If the can is at 23° C and 50 ATM what volume will be the propane occupy at STP
Answer: Answer:
21.03L
Explanation:
V1 = 456mL = 0.456L
T1 = 23°C = (23 + 273.15)K = 296.15K
P1 = 50atm
V2 = ?
T2 = 273.15K
P2 = 1.0atm
Note : P2 and T2 are at STP which are 1.0atm and 273.15K
To find V2, we have to use the combined gas equation,
(P1 × V1) / T1 = (P2 × V2) / T2
P1 × V1 × T2 = P2 × V2 × T1
V2 = (P1 × V1 × T2) / (P2 × T1)
V2 = (50 × 0.456 × 273.15) / (1.0 × 296.15)
V2 = 6227.82 / 296.15
V2 = 21.029L
Final volume of the gas is 21.03L
Explanation:
How many milliliters of 0.25M H2SO4 can be prepared from 57 mL of a 3.0M solution of H2SO4?
Answer:
Why ? Because 1 molecule of H2SO4 gives 2 H+ ions per molecule while only one H+ ion is required to neutralize 1 molecule of KOH. So, 1 molecule of H2SO4 can neutralize 2 molecules of KOH. Hence, we would require 525 ml of 0.03 M H2SO4 to neutralize 525 ml of 0.06 M KOH. How will we prepare 525 ml of 0.03 M H2SO4 ?
Explanation:
Now, we have 0.025 M H2SO4 and we do not know how much volume we have.
We will use the standard N1 X V1 = N2 X V2 for this calculation.
N1=0.025 M; V1=unknown; N2=0.03 M and V2=525 ml.
So V1= (0.03 X 525)/(0.025) = 630 ml.
According to the molar concentration, 684 ml of 0.25 M H₂SO₄ can be prepared from 57 mL of a 3.0 M solution of H₂SO₄.
What is molar concentration?Molar concentration is defined as a measure by which concentration of chemical substances present in a solution are determined. It is defined in particular reference to solute concentration in a solution . Most commonly used unit for molar concentration is moles/liter.
The molar concentration depends on change in volume of the solution which is mainly due to thermal expansion. Molar concentration is calculated by the formula, molar concentration=mass/ molar mass ×1/volume of solution in liters.
In terms of moles, it's formula is given as molar concentration= number of moles /volume of solution in liters.In case of 2 solutions,it is calculated as, M₁V₁=M₂V₂ substitution gives V₁=3×57/0.25=684 ml.
Thus, 684 ml of 0.25 M H₂SO₄ can be prepared from 57 mL of a 3.0 M solution of H₂SO₄.
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Specify what ions are present in solution upon dissolving each of the following substances in water: (a) fecl2, (b) hno3, (c) 1nh422so4, (d) ca1oh22.
(a) FeCl₂ dissociates into Fe²⁺ and 2Cl⁻ ions, (b) HNO₃ dissociates into H⁺ and NO₃⁻ ions, (c) (NH₄)2SO₄ dissociates into 2NH₄⁺ and SO₄²⁻ ions, and (d) Ca(OH)₂ dissociates into Ca²⁺ and 2OH⁻ ions upon dissolving in water.
(a) FeCl₂: Upon dissolving FeCl₂ in water, it dissociates into Fe²⁺ ions and 2Cl⁻ ions. The Fe²⁺ ions are attracted to the negatively charged oxygen atoms of water molecules, forming coordinate covalent bonds.
(b) HNO₃: When HNO₃ is dissolved in water, it dissociates into H⁺ ions and NO₃⁻ ions. The H⁺ ions are attracted to the negatively charged oxygen atoms of water molecules, forming hydronium ions (H₃O⁺).
(c) (NH₄)₂SO₄: Dissolving (NH₄)₂SO₄ in water results in the formation of 2NH₄⁺ ions and SO₄²⁻ ions. The NH₄⁺ ions interact with water molecules, forming ammonium hydroxide (NH₄OH) through the process of hydrolysis.
(d) Ca(OH)₂: Upon dissolving Ca(OH)₂ in water, it breaks apart into Ca²⁺ ions and 2OH⁻ ions. The Ca²⁺ ions are attracted to water molecules due to their polarity, while the OH⁻ ions remain as hydroxide ions in solution.
In summary, (a) FeCl₂ dissociates into Fe²⁺ and 2Cl⁻ ions, (b) HNO₃ dissociates into H⁺ and NO₃⁻ ions, (c) (NH₄)2SO₄ dissociates into 2NH₄⁺ and SO₄²⁻ ions, and (d) Ca(OH)₂ dissociates into Ca²⁺ and 2OH⁻ ions upon dissolving in water.
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Which of the following flows is not driven by pressure differences?
1: A deep breath
2: A river
3: A gust of wind
4: A sip through a drinking straw
Answer:
I think it is option (b) river
The river flows is not driven by pressure differences.
The wind often blows due to of differences in air pressure from one location to another. Wind blows often from zones of high pressure toward zones of low pressure and thus when the high pressure point is very close to the low pressure point the wind can blow very fast.But the river is not driven by pressure differences as it flows in its course.Conclusively we can say that the river flows is not driven by pressure differences
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what does 3 pieces of zinc + blue copper sulphate + hydrochloric acid make?
When you add 3 pieces of zinc to blue copper sulfate and hydrochloric acid, a single displacement reaction occurs. The zinc is more reactive than copper, so it displaces copper from the copper sulfate. The reaction can be written as:
Zn(s) + CuSO4(aq) → Cu(s) + ZnSO4(aq)
In the presence of hydrochloric acid, the reaction proceeds as follows:
Zn(s) + CuSO4(aq) + 2HCl(aq) → Cu(s) + ZnCl2(aq) + H2SO4(aq)
In this reaction, zinc (Zn) reacts with copper sulfate (CuSO4) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) to form copper (Cu), zinc chloride (ZnCl2), and sulfuric acid (H2SO4). The copper is seen as a reddish-brown solid precipitate, while the sulfuric acid remains dissolved in the solution.
Summarize the ways in which technological advances and enforcement of safety and environmental laws and regulations are attemping to avoid or reduce the negative effects of finding, producing, and transporting oil.
Utilizing several well pads can drastically minimize the quantity of well pads, access roads, pipeline routes, and production facilities, decreasing habitat disruption, negative effects on the general population, and the environmental footprint overall.
Technological advancementPreventive maintenance of deteriorating pipelines, collection lines, and flow lines, lightning protection for manufacturing equipment, and proper polyethylene pipe (poly-pipe) installation techniques are a few of the most important strategies to help reduce pollution concerns. 1. Regular maintenance.What is the greatest way for the US to lessen its reliance on foreign...Invest money into the creation and supply of alternative energy sources.The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge should be open to drilling.Implement subsidies and rules to control consumption.Obtain fuel from the Strategic Petroleum Reserve.For more information on technological advancement in environment safety kindly visit to
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Choose the substance which has higher possible entropy (per mole) at a given temperature a) solid carbon dioxide. b) nitrogen gas at 1 atm. c) nitrogen gas at 0.01 atm. d) nitrogen gas at 0.00001 atm
Nitrogen gas at 0.00001 atm has the highest possible entropy (per mole) at a given temperature as it has the maximum number of available microstates.
The entropy of a substance is directly proportional to the number of available microstates, which is related to the number of particles and the volume they occupy. As pressure decreases, the volume of the gas increases, and the number of available microstates also increases.
Therefore, nitrogen gas at lower pressure (0.00001 atm) will have a higher entropy than at higher pressures (1 atm or 0.01 atm), and solid carbon dioxide has the lowest entropy of the listed substances because its particles are fixed in a highly ordered structure.
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When 0.794 g of NH4NO3 was added to 150.0 g of water in a Styrofoam cup, the temperature dropped by 0.413°C. The heat capacity of H2O is 4.18 J/g°C. Assume the specific heat of the solution equals that of pure H2O and that the calorimeter neither absorbs nor leaks heat. The molar heat of solution of solid NH4NO3 is:
The molar heat of solution of solid \(NH_{4}NO_{3}\) is approximately 32,418.69 J/mol.
To find the molar heat of solution of solid \(NH_{4}NO_{3}\), we can use the formula:
ΔH = q / n
where ΔH is the molar heat of solution, q is the heat absorbed or released, and n is the number of moles of NH4NO3.
First, let's calculate the heat absorbed or released (q) using the formula:
q = m × C × ΔT
where m is the mass of water, C is the heat capacity of water, and ΔT is the temperature change.
Given:
Mass of water (m) = 150.0 g
Heat capacity of water (C) = 4.18 J/g°C
Temperature change (ΔT) = 0.413°C
q = (150.0 g) × (4.18 J/g°C) × (0.413°C)
q = 321.5874 J
Next, let's calculate the number of moles of \(NH_{4}NO_{3}\):
Number of moles (n) = mass / molar mass
Given:
Mass of \(NH_{4}NO_{3}\) = 0.794 g
To calculate the molar mass of \(NH_{4}NO_{3}\), we add up the atomic masses of its components:
\(NH_{4}NO_{3}\) = (1 × 14.01 g/mol) + (4 × 1.01 g/mol) + 14.01 g/mol + (3 × 16.00 g/mol) = 80.05 g/mol
n = 0.794 g / 80.05 g/mol
n = 0.009926 mol
Now, we can calculate the molar heat of solution (ΔH):
ΔH = q / n
ΔH = 321.5874 J / 0.009926 mol
ΔH ≈ 32,418.69 J/mol
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Calculate the mass defect and nuclear binding energy per nucleon ofthe each of the nuclides indicated below.Part A) Li-7 (atomic mass = 7.016003 )Express your answer using five decimal places.Mass Defect=
the mass defect of Li-7 is -0.035279 u and the nuclear binding energy per nucleon is 5.60553 × 10⁻¹² J/nuclide.
Given data:
Atomic mass of Li-7, A = 7.016003
The atomic mass of Li-7 is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in it. Therefore, the number of neutrons in Li-7 is:
Neutrons = Atomic mass - Protons= 7.016003 - 3= 4.016003The mass of 3 protons and 4.016003 neutrons in Li-7 is: Mass of protons + Mass of neutrons = (3 x 1.007276) + (4.016003 x 1.008665) = 3.021828 + 4.029454 = 7.051282 u
Therefore, the mass defect in Li-7 is:
Mass defect = Actual mass - Calculated mass
= Atomic mass - Mass of protons and neutrons
= 7.016003 - 7.051282
= -0.035279 u
Nuclear Binding Energy per nucleon (BE/A) can be calculated using the formula:
BE/A = [Δm.c² / A]
where Δm is the mass defect and c is the speed of light which is 2.998 × 10⁸ m/s.
Substituting the values in the above formula:
BE/A = [(-0.035279) × (2.998 × 10⁸)² / 7]= 5.60553 × 10⁻¹² J/nuclide
Therefore, the mass defect of Li-7 is -0.035279 u and the nuclear binding energy per nucleon is 5.60553 × 10⁻¹² J/nuclide.
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The drummer is the best performer. What is the noun in this sentence
Answer:
Performer if not I say drummer
let me know the answer!
Explanation:
Design an experiment testing the impact of different pH levels on plant growth. What would be the levels of your independent variable
The independent variable is the pH level, the experiment is to grow the same type of plant with different pH levels and record the growth of each one.
How to design the experiment?First, the independent variable will be the pH level of the soil, and the dependent variable (the one we measure) is the growth of the plant.
So to set up this experiment, we can plant several plants of the same type in soils with different pH, and after some intervals of time record the growth of each one.
Then we can draw a conclusion on which pH is the ideal for that type of plant, and thus, we tested the impact of different pH levels on plant growth.
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In this experiment, the independent variable would be the pH levels of the water used to water the plants, ranging from acidic to alkaline. The dependent variable would be the plant growth, measured by factors such as plant height, leaf size, or biomass.
The independent variable in this experiment would be the pH levels, specifically the pH of the water used to water the plants. The pH levels can be varied by adjusting the concentration of acidic or alkaline substances in the water. The pH levels could range from acidic (e.g., pH 4), neutral (e.g., pH 7), to alkaline (e.g., pH 10).
The dependent variable in this experiment would be the plant growth, which can be measured by various factors such as plant height, leaf size, number of leaves, or biomass. These measurements would be taken at regular intervals throughout the experiment to track the growth of the plants over time.
In this experiment, different groups of plants would be exposed to different pH levels of water while keeping other growth conditions (such as light, temperature, and nutrient availability) constant.
By comparing the growth of plants across different pH levels, we can determine the impact of pH on plant growth.
- How would you ensure the pH levels remain consistent throughout the experiment?
- How long would you run the experiment to observe significant growth differences?
- What controls would you include to ensure accurate results?
- How would you account for other factors that can influence plant growth, such as nutrient availability and light intensity?
- Are there any specific plant species you would choose for this experiment?
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Complete Question:
Design an experiment testing the impact of different pH levels on plant growth. What would be the levels of your independent variable? Be specific. You would need to vary the pH of a factor that plants need for growth such as soil, fertilizer, or water. What would be your dependent variable; that is, what result would you measure?
How many electron shells/orbitals does the element Krypton (Kr) have?
Answer:
Krypton has 4 orbital shells
Extra Information:
Krypton has 36 electrons which are arranged in these 4 orbit shells,
The order in which electrons are arranged in these shells is 2,8,18,8
What are pr and vr called? is their use limited to isentropic processes?
Pr and Vr are dimensionless reduced pressure and reduced volume, respectively, and they are commonly used in thermodynamics to simplify the equations that describe the behavior of fluids. The use of Pr and Vr is not limited to isentropic processes.
Reduced pressure (Pr) is defined as the ratio of the actual pressure of a gas to its critical pressure, while reduced volume (Vr) is defined as the ratio of the volume of a gas to its critical volume. The critical point is the state at which a gas can no longer be liquefied by increasing its pressure at constant temperature.
These parameters are used in various thermodynamic relations, such as the compressibility factor, which describes the behavior of real gases. They are particularly useful when studying the behavior of fluids at different temperatures and pressures, as they allow for easy comparison of data for different substances.
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what happens to the carbon dioxide produced in breaking down pyruvic acid
The carbon dioxide produced during the breakdown of pyruvic acid is a byproduct of decarboxylation and the Krebs cycle. This CO2 is expelled from the cell as waste, while the remaining compounds continue through the process of cellular respiration to generate ATP, which provides energy for the cell.
The carbon dioxide produced during the breakdown of pyruvic acid plays a crucial role in the process of cellular respiration. Pyruvic acid, a three-carbon compound, is generated through glycolysis, the first stage of cellular respiration that occurs in the cytoplasm.
When pyruvic acid enters the mitochondria, it undergoes a process called decarboxylation, facilitated by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. During decarboxylation, one carbon atom is removed from the pyruvic acid molecule, forming carbon dioxide as a byproduct. This CO2 is subsequently released from the cell as waste.
Simultaneously, the remaining two-carbon molecule, called acetyl CoA, combines with oxaloacetate in the Krebs cycle (also known as the citric acid cycle or TCA cycle). Throughout the Krebs cycle, the carbon molecules undergo a series of reactions, which ultimately lead to the formation of additional CO2 molecules. These CO2 molecules are also released as waste products.
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Is calcium and fluorine
a. Nonpolar covalent
b. Ionic
c. Polar covalent
Answer:
Ionic
Explanation:
A transfer of electrons occurs when fluorine and calcium react to form an ionic compound. This is because calcium is in group two and so forms ions with a two positive charge. Fluorine is in group seven so forms ions with a negative charge.
If we have only one globe with a sun, which two seasons can it be?
FALL AND WINTER
Answer:
is it fall and winter................
Explanation:
which of the following is a physical change? 1.burning paper 2.grinding wheat 3.electrolysis of water 4.cooking rice
Answer:
2 grinding of wheat is just a physical change
plz brainlist
7 According to the Brønsted-Lowry definition of acids-base reaction, acids have the
ability to
"donate" hydroxide ions
O
"donate" hydrogen ions
O
"accept" hydroxide ions
O
"accept" hydrogen ions
Answer: "donate" hydrogen ions
Explanation:
Bohr's model of the atom attempts to explain the idea that:
A) protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus
B) all atoms of one type of element are identical
C) energy is quantized
D) the atom is mostly empty space
It attempts to explain the idea that:C. energy is quantized
What is ionization energy?
Answer:
b) The amount of energy required to eject an electron from an atom.
T
What type of bond is formed between the two nitrogen atoms in diatomic nitrogen, N2?
Nitrogen is a diatomic molecule in the VA family on the periodic table. Nitrogen has five valence electrons, so it needs three more valence electrons to complete its octet. A nitrogen atom can fill its octet by sharing three electrons with another nitrogen atom, forming three covalent bonds, a so-called triple bond.
I'm frosty da showman
How many moles is 1.8 x 1023 atoms of Be?
Answer:
3.0059572661984113e-24
Explanation:
2. How many moles are in 7.30 X 10^23 molecules of NaCl?
Answer:
\( \huge{ \boxed{1.213 \: \text{moles}}}\)
Explanation:
To find the number of moles in a substance given it's number of entities we use the formula
\( \bold{n = \frac{N}{L}} \\ \)
where
n is the number of molesN is the number of entitiesL is the Avogadro's constant which is 6.02 × 10²³ entitiesFrom the question
N = 7.30 × 10²³ NaCl molecules
\(n = \frac{7.30 \times {10}^{23} }{6.02 \times {10}^{23} } = \frac{7.30}{6.02} \\ = 1.2126\)
We have the final answer as
1.213 molesdefinition of spirilla
don't write incorrect answer
Answer:
a bacterium with a rigid spiral structure,found in stagnant water and something causing disease
Wax melts when it is heated. Which most likely describes what is true of the result of this reaction?
The bonding of the atoms is not the same before and after the change.
The wax has the same density before and after the change.
The same amount of wax exists before and after the change.
The wax cannot be changed back into a solid.
quickly help!!!
Answer:
The same amount of wax exists before and after the change.
Explanation:
Answer:
c -the same amount of wax exists before and after the change-
Explanation:
I did the quiz (edg.) :)
Some notes for you:
A physical change is a change in some of the physical properties of matter, but not in its identity.Wax melting is an energy change, and the energy change can be reversed, which means the wax cools into hard wax again. The wax didn't leave, nor did it somehow get less of it. It stays the same! :)I hope you have an amazing day, I mean it. God bless you!
john 7:37 <3
What happens when two or more substances are mixed together to form a solution 80 properties of a solution may be different from those of the original substances be the properties of the solution will always have the same properties as the original Simpsons see the solutions will always be the same color as the original substance DD solutions will always be a different state of matter than the original
A homogeneous mixture, also known as a solution, is created when two or more components are combined to produce a combination. The solute and the solvent are the two substances that are combined.
The material that is being dissolved is known as the solute, whereas the substance that dissolves the solute is known as the solvent.
SolutionThe qualities of a solution may differ from the properties of the original ingredients. The boiling point, freezing point, density, and refractive index of the mixture are some of the most frequent modifications that take place when ingredients are mixed to form a solution.The right answer is: "A solution's properties may differ from those of the original substances." This is so that both the solute's and the solvent's properties, as well as the solute's concentration in the solution, can affect a solution's characteristics.All of the other claims are false. Depending on how some substances interact with one another, a solution's color may or may not match the color of the original ingredient.learn more about solution here
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The mass number of Fo? is 56. How many neutrons are there in a single Fo? atom?
28
30
56
58
Answer: A. 28
If we aren't talking about an isotope, then the number of neutrons and the number of protons in the nucleus are the same. Each proton weighs one atomic unit, and the same can be said about a neutron as well. So half of the weight is from the protons and half is from the neutrons. The electrons are extremely small relative to the protons that their weight is negligible.
For each of the following, highlight the element which has the highest:
Atomic Radius: F, Cl, Br
Ionization Energy: K, Ca, Sc
Electronegativity: C, Si, P, N
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Sodium reacts with chlorine to form the compound sodium chloride, or salt. The chemical formula below shows how the two elements combine into a compound.
2Na + Cl2 → 2NaCl
If the total mass of the reactants is 58.44 amu, what will be the total mass of the products?
116.88 amu
60 amu
58.44 amu
29.22 amu
Answer:
Its C
Explanation:
The law of conservation of mass says no atoms can be created or destroyed just rearranged so the mass at the beginning before the reaction would stay the same after it
Considering the Law of Conservation of Matter, the correct answer is the third option: the total mass of the products will be the same and has a value of 58.44 amu.
The Law of Conservation of Matter is also called the law of conservation of mass or the Law of Lomonósov-Lavoisier. This law postulates that "the mass is not created or destroyed, only transformed."
This means that the reagents interact with each other and form new products with physical and chemical properties different from those of the reagents because the atoms of the substances are ordered differently. But the amount of matter or mass before and after a transformation (chemical reaction) is always the same, that is, the quantities of the masses involved in a given reaction must be constant at all times, not changing in their proportions when the reaction ends.
In other words, then the mass before the chemical reaction is equal to the mass after the reaction.
So, in this case, if the total mass of the reactants is 58.44 amu, the total mass of the products will be the same and has a value of 58.44 amu.
Finally, the correct answer is the third option: the total mass of the products will be the same and has a value of 58.44 amu.
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